Two guitarists sing in a falsetto with accompaniment by a violin.It has been influenced by a variety of cultures, most notably the culture of the indigenous people of Mexico and Europe.Music was an expression of Mexican nationalism, beginning in the nineteenth century.
Since its creation, almost fifty musicians have passed through the group. The original inhabitants of the land used drums (such as the teponaztli ), flutes, rattles, conches as trumpets and their voices to make music and dances. However, much of the traditional contemporary music of Mexico was written during and after the Spanish colonial period, using many old world influenced instruments. Many traditional instruments, such as the Mexican vihuela used in Mariachi music, were adapted from their old world predecessors and are now considered very Mexican. During the French Intervention in Mexico, which placed Maximilian of Habsburg on the throne of the French empire in Mexico, many musicians accompanied his entourage and he established the National Conservatory of Music in 1866. Musicians had access to and used sheet music, indicating musical literacy. In some indigenous regions, new music and bands helped bring a level of unity. A variety of musical styles from elsewhere were incorporated into Mexican popular music in the nineteenth century, including Afro-Caribbean rhythms from Cuba and Haiti. Mexicos National Conservatory of Music was strongly influenced by Italian masters, who gave way to French influence at the turn of the twentieth century. Chvez was a prolific composer and one who embraced creating Mexican orchestral music drawing on revolutionary corridos, and composed an Aztec-themed ballet. He became the director of the National Conservatory of Music, which became affiliated with the Ministry of Education (SEP). Revueltas composed music for the new, emerging Mexican cinema, and Sandi created choral works, creating music for civic events, as well as incorporating indigenous music from the Yaqui and Maya regions in his compositions. The mode is usually major, with harmonic vocabulary mostly limited to progressions drawing from I, IV, II7, V and V5. Triple meter (68, 34, or a combination of both) predominates, with many exceptions in duple meter. The guitar is universally present in nearly all Mexican son subgenres. Other instruments may include trumpets, violins, and accordions. Indigenous communities have produced their own variants of Mexican son, which is otherwise a primarily mestizo genre. The Purpecha (from Michoacn ) are known for the sones abajeos, which are often played alongside pirekuas, a form of native love song. The music has been popularized, primarily by pop stars from outside the area, including Lila Downs. Juan Reynoso is especially popular, and has won the National Prize for Arts and Sciences. It is dominated by a harp, accompanied by violins and guitars. Juan Prez Morfn and Beto Pineda are the best-known performers.
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